The vitreoretinal diseases can cause traction on the retinal tissues leading to the risk for vision loss.
Posterior Vitreous Detachment
Posterior vitreous detachment(PVD) occurs as a natural aging progress but can lead to the risk for severe visual impairment if associated with retinal tears that can then develop into a retinal detachment. Symptomatic PVDs are common add-on cases and utilizing the OCT can assist in the diagnosis of the stage of the PVD and appropriate follow up for the condition. When evaluating if a patient has had an PVD, look for the posterior hyaloid membrane and its attachment to the macula and optic nerve.
Figure 1: Stage 2 posterior vitreous detachment. The posterior hyaloid membrane is detached from the macula but still attached to the optic nerve.
Figure 2: Stage 3 posterior vitreous detachment. The posterior hyaloid membrane has detached from the macula and is detaching from both the nasal and temporal retina. There is still vitreopapillary attachment.
Figure 3: The posterior hyloid membrane is visible and is attached to the blood vessel. The vitreous attaches firmly to the optic disc, macula, vitreous base and along blood vessels.
Epiretinal Membranes
Vitreomacular Traction
Vitreopapillary Traction
Macular Pseudohole
Lamellar Macular Hole
Macular Hole